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# Wildlife imports track some dimensions of zoonotic outbreak risk—but not all of them
- URL: https://intelligence.wildlandseco.com/2026-09-20-wildlife-trade-zoonotic-spillover/
- Published: 2026-09-20T15:56:52.000Z
- Updated: 2026-09-20T15:56:52.000Z
- Description: A multi-country analysis finds greater wildlife import volume associated with the probability of zoonotic emerging-disease occurrence and extreme outbreaks, while effects on outbreak frequency were not detected.
- Author: Benjamin Worlund
- Tags: wildlife trade, zoonoses, spillover, emerging infectious disease, One Health, Wildlife, Governance, Trade, Methods, #ecological-intelligence, #brief-2026-09-20, #priority-read, #peer-reviewed, #geo-global

Evidence

Peer-reviewed

Geography

Global country-level analysis, 1975–2013

System

Wildlife trade and zoonotic emerging infectious disease

## WHAT THE EVIDENCE SAYS

A One Health study combined international wildlife-trade data with country-level zoonotic emerging-infectious-disease records from 1975–2013 using spatiotemporal Bayesian and extreme-value models. Greater wildlife import volume was associated with a higher probability that a zoonotic emerging-disease event occurred and with the risk of extreme outbreaks, but it was not associated with the frequency of events once occurrence was established. Export volume showed weaker or nonsignificant relationships across the same outcomes.

## WHY IT MATTERS / OUR READ

The result is useful because it separates different parts of disease risk instead of collapsing them into one 'trade causes outbreaks' claim. Surveillance, border biosecurity and risk assessment may need to distinguish introduction opportunity, outbreak probability and outbreak magnitude—and account for reporting capacity at the same time.

## CAVEATS / UNCERTAINTY

This is historical observational analysis at the country scale. Trade volume is an aggregate proxy rather than a mechanistic exposure pathway, surveillance and reporting differ among countries, and the associations do not establish that a particular shipment or taxon caused a disease event.

## SOURCE

One Health  
[View original evidence ↗](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2026.101565?ref=intelligence.wildlandseco.com)

From the Morning Brief · 2026-09-20

[Read the full Morning Brief →](https://intelligence.wildlandseco.com/morning-brief-2026-09-20/)