Regenerating eastern Amazon forest supplied flowers and fruit across the year

A post-bauxite-mine phenology survey documented plant resources without proving pollination or seed dispersal.

Wild Lands Ecological Intelligence Editor
Wild Lands Institute · 2 November 2026

Evidence: Peer-reviewed
Geography: Eastern Amazonia, Brazil; regenerating bauxite-mine sites and altered forests
System: Post-mining forest regeneration; flowering and fruiting resources

WHAT THE EVIDENCE SAYS

Monthly surveys from August 2022 to July 2023 found year-round flowering and fruiting in regenerating mine sites and degraded primary forest. Regenerating plots had more participating species and individuals in reproductive phases, while seasonal timing was similar.

WHY IT MATTERS / OUR READ

Recovery should be monitored as food-resource availability as well as canopy cover, without treating resources as completed ecological function.

CAVEATS / UNCERTAINTY

One monitoring year in a degraded landscape; resource supply is not a measurement of successful pollination or dispersal.

SOURCE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências / SciELO — Cardoso et al. (2026)
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