WHAT THE EVIDENCE SAYS
Built-up land increased from 3.12 square kilometres in 1987 to 94.23 in 2025, while forest decreased from 70.44 to 49.77. Landscape metrics reflect natural-cover fragmentation, and a cellular automata–Markov model projects additional conversion by 2065.
WHY IT MATTERS / OUR READ
Urban design needs to measure ecological patch configuration, stormwater pathways and connectivity, not only percent green cover.
CAVEATS / UNCERTAINTY
Historical maps have classification uncertainty; the 2065 results are modeled scenarios, not confirmed development or measured wildlife responses.
SOURCE
Discover Sustainability — Salau and Akinyemi (2026)
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